8/13/2023 0 Comments Add medsMethylphenidate and amphetamine were consistently identified to have a performance effect. The final analysis included nine studies, six of which found significant improvement in athletic performance with use of stimulant medications ( p < 0.05). ResultsĪ total of 13,033 abstracts evaluating amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, and bupropion were screened. Studies were further screened for homogeneity that would allow for meta-analysis. Effect sizes (Cohen’s D) for athletic performance and physiological changes were aggregated for each study. Study results were compiled with corresponding p values for each finding. Two reviewers (JB, CK) assessed methodological quality and risk of bias using CONSORT 2010 and Cochrane Collaboration tools. All RCTs identified from these search criteria were included for screening, with exclusion of any animal studies. MethodsĪ search of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Review databases was performed for all randomized controlled trials evaluating athletic performance after ingestion of placebo or ADHD treatment medications from August 2020 through November 2020. Given the prevalence of ADHD among the athlete population and concern for abuse of ADHD medications, this review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate effects of ADHD medications on athletic performance, thereby appraising the validity of claims of performance enhancement. Stimulant medications used for the treatment of Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are believed to provide a physical advantage in athletics, but several of these medications are not regulated by the World Anti-Doping Association.
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